Replacing biomass cooking fuels with LPG also reduces deforestation and associated emissions of CO 2, , and alleviates time poverty through decreased cooking time. LPG can therefore have a neutral or ‘cooling’ effect on climate by reducing emissions of BC when it replaces use of biomass fuels for cooking in households. Ĭlean burning liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), although a fossil fuel, emits low levels of BC and minimal PM 2.5 concentrations, typically meeting WHO Indoor Air Quality Guideline levels for health.
BC is estimated to have the second largest radiative forcing, following only CO 2.
Residential biomass combustion generates 25% of global emissions of black carbon (BC), the dark component of particulate matter and a short-lived pollutant that has strong visible light absorption properties. Unsafe levels of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) generated from combustion of polluting fuels is an established risk factor for several infectious and non-communicable respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. wood, charcoal) and kerosene, for their household energy needs. In the first study assessing PAYG LPG cooking patterns, LPG use was sustained despite a COVID-19 lockdown, illustrating how PAYG smart meter technology may help foster clean cooking access.Īn estimated 2.8 billion people rely on polluting fuels, including solid fuels (e.g. Interviewed customers reported benefits of PAYG LPG beyond fuel affordability, including safety, time savings and cylinder delivery. In contrast, average days/month using LPG declined by 75% during lockdown (17 to four days) among seven households purchasing 6 kg cylinder LPG in Eldoret. Daily cooking event frequency also increased by 60% (1.07 to 1.72 events/day). In Nairobi, 95% of study households continued using PAYG LPG during COVID-19 lockdown, with consumption increasing from 0.97 to 1.22 kg/capita/month. Using stove monitoring data, objective comparisons of cooking patterns are made with households using purchased 6 kg cylinder LPG in peri-urban Eldoret, Kenya. Seven semi-structured interviews were conducted in August 2020 to provide context for potential changes in cooking behaviours during lockdown. cooking events/day, cooking event length). This study uses novel smart meter data collected between January 2018-June 2020, spanning COVID-19 lockdown, from 426 PAYG LPG customers living in an informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya to evaluate stove usage (e.g. To understand the potential for PAYG LPG to facilitate clean cooking, objective evaluations of customers’ cooking and spending patterns are needed.
With affordability being a key access barrier to clean cooking fuels, such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), pay-as-you-go (PAYG) LPG smart meter technology may help resource-poor households adopt LPG by allowing incremental fuel payments. Approximately 2.8 billion people rely on polluting fuels (e.g.
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